C06.4 Design Typologies & Criteria
C06.4.1 Landscape Zone Criteria (LaC)
The criteria in this section relate to specific design requirements, including IFS requirements, and guidelines for designers/contractors to follow and Tyndall AFB personnel to review. Additional criteria are provided in the other sections of this Landscape Master Plan and are not repeated in this section; however, the requirements for landscape must be coordinated with other site elements. The sections that follow serve as worksheets, with supporting guidance and illustrations, for designers/contractors to use among their teams and in coordination with Tyndall AFB. These worksheets should be used to complete the Compliance Checklist submittal for each project. Each requirement includes a selection of check boxes to indicate the applicability of that requirement to a specific context, and to demonstrate compliance with the requirements.
Yes No NA The designer/contractor either selects “Yes” if compliance has been met, “No” if it has not, or “N/A” if the requirement is not applicable to the project.
C06.4.2 Manicured Zone
The Manicured Zone is the most highly maintained landscape on base. It is located between a building’s
immediate perimeter up to the edge of the Maintained Zone. The Antiterrorism (AT) Zone is a subzone
of the Manicured Zone and extends out 20 feet from a building’s immediate perimeter, as well as at
base access gates and other areas as prescribed for security reasons. The Manicured Zone may extend
beyond the AT Zone. Landscape in this zone will have vegetation that meets the AT regulations. Vegetation
in the other areas of the Manicured Zone that extend beyond the AT Zone must be drought-resistant and contain
native trees for shade and ornamental grasses and native shrubs for color and variety. Different plant lists
are used for the Flightline and Support Districts because of their different mission requirements.
Typical Locations
This planting strategy applies to the following locations:
- Within the AT Zone that surrounds a building
- Between the building face and the interconnection with natural landscape of the Maintained Zone
Planting Design Strategy
- Laying out plantings in an informal layout, with smaller formal plantings highlighting building entrances
and prominent circulation nodes
- Spacing plants at regular intervals
- Massing plants by species to achieve a maintained aesthetic
AT Zone Plantings
- No grass, groundcovers, or shrubs higher than 6 inches
- All trees must be limbed clear up to 3 feet
Benefits
- Reduces maintenance costs
- Increases resiliency to wind and storm
- Slows down stormwater runoff
C06.4.2.1 Plantings Within the Manicured Zone
Plant a mix of native trees, shrubs, and grasses in the Manicured Zone based on the approved specifies identified in the Master Plant Palette. A sample plant list shown in Exhibit C06-6. Arrange plantings in a more formal manner with species grouped together to form patterns and use native grasses that can be mowed.
Exhibit C06-5. Grasses Allowed in the AT Zone
Common Name
|
Botanical Name
|
Turfgrasses
|
Bermuda grass
|
Cynodon dactylon
|
Bahia grass
|
Paspalum notatum
|
Exhibit C06-6. Sample Manicured Zone Plant List
Common Name
|
Botanical Name
|
Notes
|
Canopy trees
|
Red maple
|
Acer rubrum
|
16' ht, min at install / 40' mature ht.
|
River birch
|
Betula nigra
|
16' ht, min at install / single trunk only
|
Bald cypress
|
Taxodium distichum
|
20' ht. min at install
|
Understory trees
|
Dahoon
|
Ilex cassine
|
16' ht. min at install / 40' mature ht.
|
Palms |
Cabbage palm
|
Sabal palmetto
|
18-24’ ht. min. at install
|
Grasses
|
Elliott's lovegrass
|
Eragrostis elliottii
|
Maintain ht. per AT requirements
|
Purple lovegrass
|
Eragrostis spectabilis
|
Maintain ht. per AT requirements
|
Sedges & rushes
|
Thicket sedge
|
Carex abscondita
|
Maintain ht. per AT requirements
|
Prickly bog sedge
|
Carex atlantica
|
Maintain ht. per AT requirements
|
Toad rush
|
Juncus bufonius
|
Maintain ht. per AT requirements
|
Elliott's rush
|
Juncus elliottii
|
Maintain ht. per AT requirements
|
Shore rush
|
Juncus marginatus
|
Maintain ht. per AT requirements
|
Wildflowers
|
Lanceleaf tickseed
|
Coreopsis Lanceolata
|
2" Plug / Seed
|
Grassleaf coneflower
|
Rudbeckia graminifolia
|
2" Plug / Seed
|
Groundcover
|
Turkey tangle fogfruit; capeweed
|
Phyla nodiflora
|
2" Plug / Seed
|
Shoreline seapurslane
|
Sesuvium portulacastrum
|
2" Plug / Seed
|
Sub shrubs
|
Lady lupine
|
Lupinus villosus
|
2" Plug / Seed
|
Legumes
|
Rabbitbells
|
Crotalaria rotundifolia
|
2" Plug / Seed
|
Lady lupine
|
Lupinus villosus
|
2" Plug / Seed
|
C06.4.2.2 Building Entrances
Building entrance landscape is within the Manicured Zone typology.
Yes No NA
LaC 1. Place landscape so it frames the building entrance and highlights the front entry.
LaC 2. Use enhanced pavement at Group 1 buildings to form a small gathering plaza as part of the
entrance.
LaC 3. Provide direct connections from the building entrance pedestrian routes to the base Multi-Modal
Spine and/or shared-use paths.
LaC 4. Use plantings for housing/dormitories that create a safe and welcoming facility entrance.
LaC 5. Use plantings with color and interest to frame the entrances to Group 1 facilities and buildings
of special importance.
C06.4.3 Maintained Zone
Crossings
The Maintained Zone comprises native open upland prairie landscape. The Maintained Zones reduce the amount of
existing area that is open lawn space that needs to be mowed. This zone is meant to look native in
character and receive minimal maintenance. Nature-based infrastructure such as vegetated stormwater
basins and vegetated swales are included in this zone. This area is part of the INRMP and maintained by the
FWC. It is subject to either periodic mowing or burning as part of the INRMP guidelines. Areas such as parking
area medians, paths, roadways, swales, and open areas beyond the Manicured Zone vegetated stormwater basins
and vegetated swales are not part of the INRMP and are maintained under the direction of the 325 CES
Operations Flight Grounds Maintenance.
Typical Locations
This planting strategy applies to:
- Roadway corridors (turf mow strips at the back of sidewalks are excluded)
- Parking area medians
- Building perimeter open areas (beyond the AT Zone)
- Areas where more natural looking planting is desired between buildings
Planting Design Strategy
Plants will be arranged in an organic pattern and spaced at irregular intervals with undefined edges
between them. Three planting strategies include:
- Clustering trees along roadways
- Providing open areas of native grass and wildflower mix (with a maximum height of 24 inches)
- Layering a mix of grasses and shrubs
Benefits
- Reduces maintenance costs
- Increases resiliency to wind and storm
- Slows down stormwater runoff
The following are landscape criteria are to applied along Maintained Zones roadway corridors, medians, around
building perimeters (excluding AT zones), and other areas where a natural and native aesthetic is desired.
Exhibit C06-9 provides an abridged version of the Maintained Zone Plant List. The Master Plant List includes
additional approved plants and information.
C06.4.3.1 Parking Area Islands
Yes No NA
LaC 6. Plant native shrubs and grasses less than 3 feet tall that can withstand periodic flooding.
LaC 7. Dip parking area islands to the center so they can collect water through curb cuts or other gaps
in the curbing.
LaC 8. Use deciduous and evergreen mix for seasonal appeal.
LaC 9. Provide swales with an outlet from the parking area to accommodate overflow.
LaC 10. Comply with IFS requirements for Landscape Treatments, Site and Surface Parking, and
Interior Surface Parking Landscaping Requirements.
C06.4.3.2 Trails, Bikeways & Open Areas
Yes No NA
LaC 11. Provide a plant mix of native trees, shrubs, and grasses on both sides off trails.
LaC 12. Use grass that can be mowed for the first 5 feet on each side of the trail.
LaC 13. Use a seed mix of various native grasses, wildflowers, and shrubs in large open
areas.
C06.4.3.3 Roadways
Yes No NA
LaC 14. Plant the area between the curb and the sidewalk with large and medium trees and a mix of
native grasses and flowers (maximum height of 24 inches).
LaC 15. Use plants that can withstand flooding in roadway swales.
LaC 16. Mow once a year to reduce weeds and help the wildflowers reseed.
LaC 17. Plant trees in a staggered, clustered pattern.
LaC 18. Plant trees at least 5 feet away from utilities.
Exhibit C06-9. Plantings within the Maintained Zone
Plant a mix of native trees, shrubs, wildflowers, ferns, vines and grasses in the Maintained Zone based on the approved specifies identified in the Master Plant Palette. A sample plant list shown below.
Common Name
|
Botanical Name
|
Notes
|
Canopy trees
|
Red maple
|
Acer rubrum
|
16' ht, min at install / 40' mature ht.
|
River birch
|
Betula nigra
|
16' ht, min at install / single trunk only
|
Southern magnolia
|
Magnolia grandiflora
|
|
Swamp tupelo
|
Quercus laevis
|
|
Turkey oak
|
Taxodium distichum
|
|
Swamp chestnut oak
|
Quercus michauxii
|
|
Willow oak
|
Quercus phellos
|
|
Post oak
|
Quercus stellata
|
|
Southern live oak
|
Quercus virginiana
|
|
Pond cypress
|
Taxodium ascendens
|
|
Bald cypress
|
Taxodium distichum
|
20' ht. min at install
|
Understory trees
|
Red buckeye
|
Aesculus pavia
|
|
Wild olive; devilwood
|
Cartrema americanum
|
|
Swamp dogwood
|
Cornus foemina
|
|
American witchhazel
|
Hamamelis virginiana
|
|
Dahoon
|
Ilex cassine
|
16' ht. min at install / 40' mature ht.
|
Myrtle dahoon
|
Ilex cassine var. myrtifolia
|
|
American holly
|
Ilex opaca
|
|
Sweetbay
|
Magnolia virginiana
|
|
Southern bayberry; wax myrtle
|
Myrica cerifera
|
|
Palms |
Cabbage palm
|
Sabal palmetto
|
18-24’ ht. min. at install
|
Shrubs |
Bastard false indigo
|
Amorpha fruticosa
|
|
American beautyberry
|
Callicarpa americana
|
|
Virginia willow; virginia sweetspire
|
Itea virginica
|
|
Needle palm
|
Rhododendron austrinum
|
|
Florida flame azalea
|
Rhododendron austrinum
|
|
Swamp azalea
|
Rhododendron viscosum
|
|
Dwarf palmetto
|
Sabal minor
|
|
Saw palmetto
|
Serenoa repens
|
|
Spanish bayonet; aloe yucca
|
Yucca aloifolia
|
|
Adam's needle
|
Yucca filamentosa
|
|
Grasses |
Splitbeard bluestem
|
Andropogon ternarius
|
|
Long leaf threeawn
|
Aristida palustris
|
|
Arrowfeather threeawn
|
Aristida purpurascens
|
|
Wiregrass
|
Aristida stricta
|
|
Longleaf woodoats
|
Chasmanthium laxum var. sessiliflorum
|
|
Hairawn muhly
|
Muhlenbergia capillaris
|
|
Switchgrass
|
Panicum virgatum
|
|
Little bluestem
|
Schizachyrium scoparium
|
|
Tall redtop
|
Tridens flavus
|
|
Sedges & rushes |
Longhair sedge
|
Carex comosa
|
|
Southern waxy sedge
|
Carex glaucescens
|
|
Walter's sedge
|
Carex striata
|
|
Wire sedge
|
Carex tenax
|
|
Leathery rush
|
Juncus coriaceus
|
|
Soft rush
|
Juncus effusus ssp. Solutus
|
|
Bighead rush
|
Juncus megacephalus
|
|
Needle rush
|
Juncus roemerianus
|
|
Wildflowers |
Texas tickseed
|
Coreopsis linifolia
|
|
Georgia tickseed
|
Coreopsis nudata
|
|
Purple coneflower
|
Echinacea purpurea
|
|
Savannah iris
|
Iris tridentata
|
|
Pinkscale gayfeather
|
Liatris elegans
|
|
Slender gayfeather
|
Liatris gracilis
|
|
Black-eyed susan
|
Rudbeckia hirta
|
|
Blue sage
|
Salvia azurea
|
|
Early goldenrod
|
Solidago juncea
|
|
Narrow-leaf ironweed
|
Vernonia angustifolia
|
|
Ferns |
Cinnamon fern
|
Osmunda cinnamomea
|
|
Royal fern
|
Osmunda regalis
|
|
Bracken fern
|
Pteridium aquilinum
|
|
Netted chain fern
|
Woodwardia areolata
|
|
Virginia chain fern
|
Woodwardia virginica
|
|
Vines |
Netleaf leather-flower
|
Clematis reticulata
|
|
Coral honeysuckle
|
Lonicera sempervirens
|
|
Virginia creeper
|
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
|
|
C06.4.4 Airfield Zone
This zone includes the runways in the Flightline District, the natural areas between the runways, and the
areas surrounding the runway perimeter extending to the pine forest. The following information has been
provided by the Tyndall AFB BASH Team. And changed or substitutions must be coordinated with the BASH Team
Planting in this zone consists of native grass that is mown regularly to keep it low and prevent wildlife
habitats. Birds, in particular, are hazardous to the aircraft and present a safety concern. Shrubs,
groundcovers, and bunchgrasses used in the Airfield Zone muse be selected and planted in a manner that
prevents crowding and eliminates dense landscape that is attractive to birds and other wildlife.
Benefits
- Increases safety and reduces aircraft hazards
- Slows down stormwater runoff
- Reduces habitat for birds and other wildlife
Exhibit C06-12. Airfield Zone - Approved Plants
Common Name
|
Botanical Name
|
Canopy trees
|
Loblolly bay
|
Gordonia lasianthus
|
River birch
|
Taxodium ascendens
|
Understory trees
|
Florida dogwood
|
Cornus florida
|
American witchhazel
|
Hamamelis virginiana
|
Shrubs, groundcovers, bunch grasses
|
Wind dancer love grass
|
Erarotis elliotti
|
Purple love grass
|
Erarotis spectabilis
|
Muhly grass
|
Muhlenbergia capillaris
|
Pinxster azalea
|
Rhododendron canescens
|
Scarlett sage
|
Salvia coccinea
|
Coontie
|
Zamia floridana
|
Turfgrasses
|
Bermuda grass
|
Cynodon dactylon
|
Bahia grass
|
Paspalum notatum
|
C06.4.4.1 Airfield Zone Planting Design Criteria
Exhibit C06-12 lists examples of plants and trees approved for use in the Airfield Zone landscape designs.
Yes No NA
LaC 19. Plant only native turf grasses from the approved plant list. Trees and shrubs are not allowed.
LaC 20. Verify that all airfield planting is approved by Tyndall AFB.
LaC 21. Use shrubs that are a mix of deciduous and coniferous species.
LaC 22. Use shrubs that grow at various heights to prevent uniform and continuous habitat cover.
LaC 23. Use sterile (non-fruiting) varieties or male varieties of shrubs to prevent seeds and berries
from attracting birds and wildlife.
LaC 24. Plant shrubs, groundcovers, and bunch grass in groups up to five individuals. Include a maximum
of two individual Pinxster azaleas per group of shrubs, groundcovers, and bunch grass.
LaC 25. Plant shrubs a minimum of 10 feet from any other group of planting.
LaC 26. Maintain all trees in the Flightline in accordance with airfield obstruction standards.
LaC 27. Do not plant sycamore trees within 1,250 feet of the nearest runway center line.
C06.4.4.2 Airfield Zone Multi-Modal Spine Design
Planting Criteria
On the southern side of the Flightline District is the Flightline Multi-Modal Spine. This corridor is within
the manicured landscape zone, but because it is within the Flightline District it has specific
landscape restrictions that must be followed. This area includes trees and shrubs, but of a species
and character that does not attract birds.
Benefits
- Reduces maintenance costs
- Increases resiliency to wind and storm
- Slows down stormwater runoff
- Reduces habitat for birds and other wildlife
- Provides much needed shade for length of walkway/building connector
Yes No NA
LaC 28. Select and plant trees and shrubs in a manner that reduces attractiveness to wildlife.
LaC 29. Select tree species that are columnar in shape with vertical branching structures that
minimize perching and nesting opportunities for birds. Use sterile (non-fruiting) varieties of
trees.
LaC 30. Select trees that have varied canopy types and heights at planting and at maturity. Design tree
spacing so the crowns have a minimum separation of 15 feet once trees are mature. Install trees so canopy
overlap into the clear space is not possible during any season.
LaC 31. Plant shrubs a minimum of 10 feet from any trees.
LaC 32. Select shrubs that are a mix of deciduous and coniferous species. Use sterile (non-fruiting) or
male varieties of shrubs to prevent seeds and berries from attracting birds and
wildlife.
LaC 33. Verify that all planting is approved by the BASH Team.
C06.4.5 Managed Zone
The Managed Zone encompasses all perimeter areas upland of the peninsula coastline, as well as large open areas
in between facilities on the base located beyond the Maintained Zone. This zone includes areas of pineland
plantations, mesic/wet slash flatwoods, wet prairie, freshwater wetlands, and inland ponds and lakes. This area
is primarily controlled by standards set forth in the INRMP.
Planting Design Strategies
- Restoring damage to the base’s forest habitat caused by Hurricane Michael
- Reducing fire hazards
- Restoring natural esthetics destroyed by wind
- Implementing low-intensity frequent fire as a management tool to restore and/or maintain the structure and function of the longleaf pine ecosystem and to reduce the wildfire hazard risk
- Improving habitat for wildlife
Benefits
- Increases resiliency to wind and storm
- Slows down stormwater runoff
- Enhances wildlife habitat
Resources
See Section B04, Integrated Land Management, for Restorative and Resilient Base Restoration
approach.
C06.4.5.1 Managed Zone Planting Design Criteria
Yes No NA
LaC 34. Align planting within the Managed Zone with the INRMP and support the installation’s
ecosystem initiatives as a part of a broader integrated resilient environmental infrastructure system.
C06.4.6 Coastal Zone
The Coastal Zone encompasses all areas from the ocean shoreline back to the second line of defense, which
includes sand beaches, coastal dunes, coastal wetlands, salt marshes, estuaries, coastal dune lakes, and coastal
upland. The Coastal Zone provides critical natural infrastructure supporting mission readiness, overall
resilience of built infrastructure, and a wealth of natural resources. This complex unique
coastal ecosystem provides numerous year-round recreational opportunities vital to the
health and well-being of Airmen and their families. The preservation, conservation, and
enhancement of these critical waterfront ecosystems positively supports the many aspects of the
base’s current and future missions through a more resilient natural infrastructure.
Planting Design Strategies
- Arranging plantings in naturalized groupings
- Selecting plant species that support existing coastal zone plant communities
- Limiting impact of construction/installation impact within the environmentally sensitive Coastal Zone
Benefits
- Reduces maintenance costs
- Increases resiliency to wind and storm
- Slows down stormwater runoff
- Enhances wildlife habitat
Resources
See Section B05, Coastal Zone for overall Coastal Zone strategies.
C06.4.6.1 Coastal Zone Planting Design Criteria
Yes No NA
LaC 35. Align planting within the Coastal Zone with the INRMP and support the installation’s
ecosystem initiatives as a part of a broader integrated resilient environmental infrastructure system.